The Conflagration of the Golden Dragon is the name dubbed to an event that occurred during the rule of King Aemon Targaryen and would later lead to the War of the Seven Banners.
Background[]
After the death of his Queen Saera Celtigar, King Aemon Targaryen changed from being a decisive, generous and calculated King to one that was marked with jealousy, anger and overzealous ambitions.
His jealousy would lead to the War of the Shadow against his uncle Baelon Targaryen and while he was successful, the realm bled for his jealousy and the second to last of Queen Daenerys Targaryen's dragons was killed.
Aemon's overzealous ambitions would lead to him making acquaintances with many in Essos with ambitions to expand both the wealth and power of Westeros, with eyes set upon the Stepstones and the Disputed Lands. It was said that this sudden and abrupt change in Aemon's policies was spurred by the death of his Queen, and that he it was done out of anger and a desire to get something done. This lead him to making pledges to mainly Tyrosh, Myr and Lys in 346 AC, offering them wealth in land in exchange for their support taking the Stepstones from the Sea Snake as well as taking lands in the Disputed Lands. In addition to providing land and an alliance, Westeros would offer a hefty investment of gold into the banks of Myr, Tyrosh and Lys as well as offering marriages to his children and grandchildren.
Ultimately Aemon would become dragged into the War of the Shadows and his promises and ambitions would not come to fruition as he would fall ill and die two years later. Before his death he refused to marshal his armies to claim the Stepstones, saying that he would "rather die than work with the Essosi Dogs" and later admitting to his council that his ambitions with Essos were far to costly for the reward they might grant them. Infuriated at the news, representatives from Myr came to Westeros to see if the rumours were true. Aemon refused to meet with the envoys and threatened to kill them should they return to Westeros. Aemon died two years later and despite his death, Myr, Tyrosh and Lys whom he made alliances with still desired to continue with Aemon's plans and became infuriated the King Viserys did not seem to wish to continue.
It was not until the year 363 AC when the Seven Banners arrived in King's Landing, making their demands to King Viserys. The Seven Banners of Lys, Myr, Tyrosh and the others demanded that King Viserys follow through on his father's promises. When King Viserys refused they promised there would be consequences, and that they would take what Aemon had promised them. Enlisting the Seasnake in the Stepstones and the Free City of Pentos, the Seven Banners quickly began marshaling their armies for war against King Viserys.